Ignition temperature - temperature class

Many factors such as size, shape, type and surface quality have an influence on the ignition temperature. IEC, CENELEC and other standardisation committees have agreed on a method for gases and vapours defined in IEC 60079-4 „Method of test ignition temperature“. This method is defined in such a way, that a value very close to the lowest practically possible, is determined.

By means of this method, gases and vapours are divided into temperature classes. According to these temperature classes, the surface temperatures in explosion-protected equipment and other technological objects is designed in such a way that ignition by the surface is not possible. In the standard, permissible excess values and necessary safety margins below these standard values are defined in detail.

Temperature
classes
Ignition temperature
range of the mixture
Permissible surface temperature
of the electrical equipment
T1 > 450 °C 450 °C
T2 > 300 ... ≥450 °C 300 °C
T3 > 200 ... ≥300 °C 200 °C
T4 > 135 ... ≥200 °C 135 °C
T5 > 100 ... ≥135 °C 100 °C
T6 > 85 ... ≥100 °C 85 °C
For different types of dust, the method for determining the ignition temperature has also been unified and coded in document IEC 61241-2-1. Please note that dust in its deposited form - determined using procedure A - has a different ignition temperature than in its stirred form - determined as a cloud using procedure B.

The permissible surface temperature for those parts of the systems, devices and components accessible to the dust is determined by subtracting 75 K from the value determined using procedure A and by multiplying by 2/3 the value determined using procedure B. The smaller of the 2 values determined in this way corresponds to the lowest permissible surface temperature of the equipment. The surface is the area accessible to the dust, temperature classes are not defined for dust, so that a concrete type of dust must always be assumed. The parameters are made available in comprehensive tables, laboratories determine the values on request, and a small, non-official overview is contained in the following table.

Designation of
the solid material
A values ignition temperature IEC 50381-2-1 procedure A deposit (°C) B values ignition temperature IEC 50381-2-1 procedure B cloud (°C)     Permissible limiting temperature
lowest value of the calculation (A-75K) und 2/3*B
450...
> 300
300...
> 280
280...
> 260
260...
> 230
230...
> 215
215...
> 200
200...
> 180
180...
> 165
165...
> 160
160...
> 135
Dust from natural materials (examples)
Cotton
Brown coal
Cellulose
Cereals
Wood resin
Sawdust (wood)
Cocoa
Copra
Cork
Fodder
concentrate
Linen
Milk powder
Paper
Pectin sugar
Soya
Starch
Hard coal
Tabacco
Tapioca
Tea
Peat
Wheat flour
Sugar beet
350
225
370
290
290
300
460
290
300

295
230
340
300
380
245
290
245
300
290
300
295
450
290
560
380
500
420
500
400
580
470
470

525
440
440
540
410
500
440
590
450
450
510
360
480
460






385















320


295
275











265

273





225


225

220


225




225

225
220



215
215


215








215


215



215
  170

170

   
Dust of chemical technical products (examples)
Cellulose ether
Isosorbide dinitrate
Unvulcanised rubber
Petroleum coke
Polysacch.-der.
Polyvenyl acetat
Polyvenyl chlorid
Soot
Laminated plastic
Sulphur
275

240

220
280
270
340
380
385
330
280
330

220

460
690
580
500
530
620
510
280








305
310







265










255
 




205
200





195




186
   

146

145
Metal dust (examples)
Aluminium
Bronze
Iron
Cu-Si alloy
Magnesium
Manganese
Zinc
280
260
300
305
410
285
440
530
390
310
690
610
330
570




335

365
     


230
205

206


210

185